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斜拉桥 9

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Vortex-induced vibration of stay cable under profile velocity using CFD numerical simulation method

Wenli CHEN, Hui LI,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 357-363 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0060-z

摘要： Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a stay cable subjected to a wind profile is numerically simulated through combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code CFX 10.0 and computational structural dynamics (CSD) code ANSYS 10.0. A stay cable with the inclined angle of 30° is used as the numerical model. Under a profile of mean wind speed, unsteady aerodynamic lift coefficients of the cable have been analyzed in both time domain and frequency domain when VIV occurs. The results indicate that the lift coefficient wave response of the stay cable under a wind profile is different from that of an infinitely long cable under a uniform flow in water (i.e., without consideration of profile) obtained by direct numerical simulation. Cable oscillations can severely affect the unsteady aerodynamic frequencies, change flow field distribution near the cable and affect the vortex shedding in the wake.

关键词： stay cable fluid-structure interaction numerical simulation vortex-induced vibration

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基于拉索安全评估的普通斜拉桥和矮塔斜拉桥结构冗余度对比研究 Article

Khawaja Ali, Hiroshi Katsuchi, Hitoshi Yamada

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第1期页码 111-123 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.021

摘要：

本研究基于斜拉桥和矮塔斜拉桥的拉索安全性评估，为比较斜拉桥和矮塔斜拉桥提供了新的观点。由于二者都使用拉索，人们通常认为这两种类型的桥梁具有相同的结构。但是，国际桥梁设计标准规定了二者各自的拉索安全系数。为了纠正这一误解，本研究通过考虑各种异常因素和破坏因素（如过载、钢索损耗和钢索腐蚀）的影响，对在疲劳和极限状态下的拉索的安全系数进行了比较。本研究的主要目的是解释两种类型桥梁之间的结构差异，并通过采用确定性和非确定性方法来评估其结构冗余。为了实现这一目标，根据日本现行的拉索设计指南，本文建立了两座桥的三维模型。在达到桥梁模型的平衡状态之后，以参数化方式对拉索的不同安全系数进行了静态分析。最后，采用一阶可靠性方法和蒙特卡洛方法确定了拉索的可靠性指标。分析结果表明，在相同的荷载条件下，斜拉桥和矮塔斜拉桥在不同安全系数下具有不同的结构冗余度。此外，随着拉索的安全系数的增加，其结构上的冗余大大增加。

关键词：斜拉桥矮塔斜拉桥冗余拉索安全系数可靠性分析

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千米级斜拉桥长索架设技术

饶华容,邓惠斌

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第3期页码 71-74

摘要：

以苏通长江公路大桥为例介绍了千米级斜拉桥斜拉索安装方法及其施工要点。论述了斜拉索的桥面展开、塔端挂设、梁端牵引锚固以及PE保护等长索安装施工的关键技术问题。长索桥面的展开采用立式放索，梁端牵引锚固采用卷扬机、钢绞线以及张拉杆共同组成的三级组合牵引方式，长索张拉在梁端进行。

关键词：千米级斜拉桥斜拉索长索张挂工艺长索安装

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苏通大桥——主跨1 088米的斜拉桥

游庆仲,何平,董学武,张喜刚,吴寿昌

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第3期页码 14-19

摘要：

介绍了苏通大桥设计和施工的工程构思，着重对群桩基础承载性能、河床冲刷防护及监测、上部结构施工抗风研究、中跨合龙方案及长悬臂结构施工控制方法等的关键技术和创新成果进行了总结和系统阐述。

关键词：苏通大桥斜拉桥基础索塔钢箱梁斜拉索施工控制

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斜拉索表面处理后的气动性能的风洞实验研究

Hiroshi Katsuchi, Hitoshi Yamada, Ippei Sakaki, Eiichi Okado

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第6期页码 817-822 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.09.001

摘要：

学界对包括风雨激振（RWIV）和干索驰振（DG）在内的斜拉桥拉索的风致振动等的研究已经有相当长的时间。一般来说，我们会应用机械阻尼器或表面处理来抑制振动。特别是已开发出几种表面处理拉索，包括压痕、纵向平行突起、螺旋角和U 形开槽。最近又开发了一种带螺旋突起的新型空气动力学稳定拉索，这种拉索已被证明具有与锯齿状拉索相似的低阻力系数，并且可以防止拉索表面形成水线。在本研究中，应用风洞实验对这种拉索在各种来流角度和突起尺寸下的RWIV稳定性进行了研究。发现对于所有测试风角，螺旋突起拉索对于RWIV 和DG 在空气动力学基础上都能保持稳定，突起尺寸的影响也得到了确认。

关键词：雨风诱导振动干式舞动保持电缆风洞试验

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国产桥梁拉索用1 770 MPa 镀锌钢丝制造技术的研究

丁峰,桑春明,周代义,白柄东

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第3期页码 57-64

摘要：

重点介绍了宝钢集团公司在苏通大桥斜拉索用高强度镀锌钢丝的研制实践中，通过制造技术研究和技术创新，形成了“双张紧 + 限径模”工艺、“主导工艺 + 微调”整体优化、“三度控制”热镀锌操作等三大关键技术，生产制造出了高强度、低松弛、具有良好扭转性能的国产桥梁斜拉索用高强度（1 770 MPa 级）镀锌钢丝。

关键词：镀锌钢丝扭转双张紧限径模沙砾抹拭

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Appendiceal inflammation affects the length of stay following appendicectomy amongst children: a myth

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 264-269 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0259-1

摘要：

The effect of the severity of appendiceal inflammation on post-operative stay in children following appendicectomy has shown conflicting results. This study was conducted to determine the association between the severity of appendiceal inflammation and post-operative stay amongst children undergoing open appendicectomy. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a District General Hospital for two years. A total of 204 patients were included in the study with an age range between 3 and 16 years. Females were 54.9% while the rest were male. Mean age was 12.5±3 years. The association of the severity of appendiceal inflammation and post-operative stay was assessed by multivariable Cox Proportional hazards model. Mean post-operative stay was 2.32 days (95% CI 2.14–2.51). Macroscopically perforated appendix, histological inflammation and post-operative complications were significantly associated with post-operative stay on univariable analysis (P<0.05). Whereas, the multivariable analysis showed that the post-operative stay was significantly prolonged only in case of either perforated appendix or post-operative complications while it remained unaffected by the histological inflammation.

关键词： appendiceal inflammation post-operative stay paediatrics

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中国钢管混凝土拱桥 Review

郑皆连, 王建军

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第1期页码 143-155 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.12.003

摘要：

近20 多年来，中国钢管混凝土拱桥和以钢管混凝土为骨架的混凝土拱桥获得大发展，跨径增大很快，在桥梁发展史上罕见。高速公路和高速铁路的大规模建设为大跨径拱桥的发展提供了需求，设计及施工技术的进步为修建大跨径拱桥提供了可能。作为这段历史的参与者，我们通过本文来介绍中国钢管混凝土拱桥和以钢管混凝土为劲性骨架的混凝土拱桥的发展状况及主要创新技术，内容主要包括钢管混凝土拱桥关键建设技术，如钢管拱桁设计、制造与安装，管内混凝土制备与灌注等技术，以世界最大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥——合江长江一桥为工程实例进行了详细介绍；以及劲性骨架混凝土拱桥的主要建设技术，如斜拉扣挂悬拼施工、斜拉扣索调载、拱肋外包混凝土浇注等，并对广西邕宁邕江大桥和云桂铁路南盘江特大桥两个工程实例进行了介绍。中国钢管混凝土拱桥取得了同类桥型世界领先的地位，随着关键技术的持续创新，将成为推动拱桥发展突破的新领军者。

关键词：钢管混凝土拱桥劲性骨架混凝土拱桥斜拉扣挂悬拼真空辅助灌注管内混凝土斜拉扣索调载

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Heterogeneous length-of-stay modeling of post-acute care residents in the nursing home with competing

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 577-591 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0203-7

摘要： Post-acute care (PAC) residents in nursing homes (NHs) are recently hospitalized patients with medically complex diagnoses, ranging from severe orthopedic injuries to cardiovascular diseases. A major role of NHs is to maximize restoration of PAC residents during their NH stays with desirable discharge outcomes, such as higher community discharge likelihood and lower re/hospitalization risk. Accurate prediction of the PAC residents’ length-of-stay (LOS) with multiple discharge dispositions (e.g., community discharge and re/hospitalization) will allow NH management groups to stratify NH residents based on their individualized risk in realizing personalized and resident-centered NH care delivery. Due to the highly heterogeneous health conditions of PAC residents and their multiple types of correlated discharge dispositions, developing an accurate prediction model becomes challenging. Existing predictive analytics methods, such as distribution-/regression-based methods and machine learning methods, either fail to incorporate varied individual characteristics comprehensively or ignore multiple discharge dispositions. In this work, a data-driven predictive analytics approach is considered to jointly predict the individualized re/hospitalization risk and community discharge likelihood over time in the presence of varied residents’ characteristics. A sampling algorithm is further developed to generate accurate predictive samples for a heterogeneous population of PAC residents in an NH and facilitate facility-level performance evaluation. A real case study using large-scale NH data is provided to demonstrate the superior prediction performance of the proposed work at individual and facility levels through comprehensive comparison with a large number of existing prediction methods as benchmarks. The developed analytics tools will allow NH management groups to identify the most at-risk residents by providing them with more proactive and focused care to improve resident outcomes.

关键词： nursing home predictive analytics individualized prediction competing risks health outcomes

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Finite element modeling of cable sliding and its effect on dynamic response of cable-supported truss

Yujie YU, Zhihua CHEN, Renzhang YAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期页码 1227-1242 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0551-5

摘要： The cable system of cable-supported structures usually bears high tension forces, and clip joints may fail to resist cable sliding in cases of earthquake excitations or sudden cable breaks. A analytical method that considers the dynamic cable sliding effect is proposed in this paper. Cable sliding behaviors and the resultant dynamic responses are solved by combining the vector form intrinsic finite element framework with cable force redistribution calculations that consider joint frictions. The cable sliding effect and the frictional tension loss are solved with the original length method that uses cable length and the original length relations. Then, the balanced tension distributions are calculated after frictional sliding. The proposed analytical method is achieved within MATLAB and applied to simulate the dynamic response of a cable-supported plane truss under seismic excitation and sudden cable break. During seismic excitations, the cable sliding behavior in the cable-supported truss have an averaging effect on the oscillation magnitudes, but it also magnifies the internal force response in the upper truss structure. The slidable cable joints can greatly reduce the ability of a cable system to resist sudden cable breaks, while strong friction resistances at the cable-strut joints can help retain internal forces.

关键词： sliding cable explicit solution framework original length method seismic response cable rupture

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Analytical dynamic solution of a flexible cable-suspended manipulator

Mahdi BAMDAD

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第4期页码 350-359 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0271-9

摘要：

Cable-suspended manipulators are used in large scale applications with, heavy in weight and long in span cables. It seems impractical to maintain cable assumptions of smaller robots for large scale manipulators. The interactions among the cables, platforms and actuators can fully evaluate the coupled dynamic analysis. The structural flexibility of the cables becomes more pronounced in large manipulators. In this paper, an analytic solution is provided to solve cable vibration. Also, a closed form solution can be adopted to improve the dynamic response to flexibility. The output is provided by the optimal torque generation subject to the actuator limitations in a mechatronic sense. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm is examined through simulations.

关键词： parallel robot flexible cable suspended robot dynamic

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虚拟会议会有长远发展吗？

Chris Palmer

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第3期页码 280-281 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.01.005

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State-of-the-art on theories and applications of cable-driven parallel robots

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0693-3

摘要： Cable-driven parallel robot (CDPR) is a type of high-performance robot that integrates cable-driven kinematic chains and parallel mechanism theory. It inherits the high dynamics and heavy load capacities of the parallel mechanism and significantly improves the workspace, cost and energy efficiency simultaneously. As a result, CDPRs have had irreplaceable roles in industrial and technological fields, such as astronomy, aerospace, logistics, simulators, and rehabilitation. CDPRs follow the cutting-edge trend of rigid–flexible fusion, reflect advanced lightweight design concepts, and have become a frontier topic in robotics research. This paper summarizes the kernel theories and developments of CDPRs, covering configuration design, cable-force distribution, workspace and stiffness, performance evaluation, optimization, and motion control. Kinematic modeling, workspace analysis, and cable-force solution are illustrated. Stiffness and dynamic modeling methods are discussed. To further promote the development, researchers should strengthen the investigation in configuration innovation, rapid calculation of workspace, performance evaluation, stiffness control, and rigid–flexible coupling dynamics. In addition, engineering problems such as cable materials, reliability design, and a unified control framework require attention.

关键词： cable-driven parallel robot kinematics optimization dynamics control

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Development of a masticatory robot using a novel cable-driven linear actuator with bidirectional motion

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0687-1

摘要： Masticatory robots are an effective in vitro performance testing device for dental material and mandibular prostheses. A cable-driven linear actuator (CDLA) capable of bidirectional motion is proposed in this study to design a masticatory robot that can achieve increasingly human-like chewing motion. The CDLA presents remarkable advantages, such as lightweight and high stiffness structure, in using cable amplification and pulley systems. This work also exploits the proposed CDLA and designs a masticatory robot called Southeast University masticatory robot (SMAR) to solve existing problems, such as bulky driving linkage and position change of the muscle’s origin. Stiffness analysis and performance experiment validate the CDLA’s efficiency, with its stiffness reaching 1379.6 N/mm (number of cable parts n = 4), which is 21.4 times the input wire stiffness. Accordingly, the CDLA’s force transmission efficiencies in two directions are 84.5% and 85.9%. Chewing experiments are carried out on the developed masticatory robot to verify whether the CDLA can help SMAR achieve a natural human-like chewing motion and sufficient chewing forces for potential applications in performance tests of dental materials or prostheses.

关键词： masticatory robot cable-driven linear actuator parallel robot stiffness analysis

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Nonlinear analysis of cable structures using the dynamic relaxation method

Mohammad REZAIEE-PAJAND, Mohammad MOHAMMADI-KHATAMI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 253-274 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0639-y

摘要： The analysis of cable structures is one of the most challenging problems for civil and mechanical engineers. Because they have highly nonlinear behavior, it is difficult to find solutions to these problems. Thus far, different assumptions and methods have been proposed to solve such structures. The dynamic relaxation method (DRM) is an explicit procedure for analyzing these types of structures. To utilize this scheme, investigators have suggested various stiffness matrices for a cable element. In this study, the efficiency and suitability of six well-known proposed matrices are assessed using the DRM. To achieve this goal, 16 numerical examples and two criteria, namely, the number of iterations and the analysis time, are employed. Based on a comprehensive comparison, the methods are ranked according to the two criteria. The numerical findings clearly reveal the best techniques. Moreover, a variety of benchmark problems are suggested by the authors for future studies of cable structures.

关键词： nonlinear analysis cable structure stiffness matrix dynamic relaxation method